Cholecystectomy as a risk factor for colorectal cancer

Abstract

Introduction: Scientific evidence supports the association between cholecystectomy and gastrointestinal cancer; a significant increase in the risk of colorectal cancer has been reported after surgery in case-control studies. Objective: To evaluate cholecystectomy as a risk factor for colorectal cancer. Method: An analytical, case-control, unpaired study was carried out, in which the clinical records of patients with a pathological diagnosis of colorectal cancer registered in the pathological anatomy services were included, after performing a colonoscopy, at the National Center of Minimal Access Surgery and the Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico 10 de Octubre, in the period between January 2018 and December 2021. Once the mentioned patients were selected, they were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria in order to determine the sample in the case group and the control group. To evaluate the variables, the Chi-square test, the difference of means test for independent samples, and multiple logistic regression with dichotomous response were used. The results were displayed in tables. Results: The age group that prevailed were patients aged 61 and over (65.8 %) for the cases and (51.6 %) for the controls. The female sex predominated (68.0 %). Of the patients with colorectal cancer, those undergoing cholecystectomy (58.0 %) predominated, obtaining statistical evidence that affirms an association between cholecystectomy and the appearance of colorectal cancer. Conclusions: It was shown that cholecystectomy is directly related to the appearance of colorectal cancer.