Cold induced urticaria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61997/bjm.v15i1.498Keywords:
Urticaria, Allergy, Cold urticariaAbstract
Background: Cold allergy is a type of chronic urticaria that belongs to the group of inducible urticarias, triggered by physical stimuli. Cold urticaria is characterized by the presence of wheals, erythema, pruritus, and/or angioedema after exposure to low temperatures. Diagnosis is based on clinical history and cold stimulation tests. The ice cube test is one of the most commonly used techniques and consists of applying an ice cube (or a cold object) to the skin of the forearm for 5 minutes; the test is considered positive when a wheal appears at the application site. Case presentation: A 16-year-old white male patient reported several months of developing localized skin redness, pruritus, and swelling at exposure sites after contact with cold water or exposure to cold air. He also reported a history since childhood of episodes of coryza accompanied by watery nasal discharge, oculonasal pruritus, and occasional nasal obstruction, triggered by exposure to dust, strong odors, and temperature changes. A cold provocation test was performed, confirming the diagnosis of cold urticaria. Conclusions: Cold urticaria is an uncommon condition, but awareness of it is essential for an accurate diagnosis.
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