Correlation of risk factors for prostate cancer with doubtful prostate antigen values
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61997/bjm.v13i3.423Keywords:
prostate specific antigen, risk factors, cancerAbstract
Background: Prostate cancer is a disease that affects the male population, especially after the age of 45. There are several risk factors, some modifiable, on which prevention strategies must be designed to avoid even doubtful prostate antigen levels. Objective: Determine the correlation of risk factors for prostate cancer with doubtful prostate antigen values. Methods: During the year 2022, a quantitative correlational study was carried out in the population of four clinics belonging to the “East Area” of the Camagüey municipality. The universe consisted of 80 patients in whom prostate antigen determination was performed. The variables were: age groups, color of the skin, family history of prostate cancer, previous history of other prostate disease and behavioral risks. The corresponding statistical analysis was performed for this type of study. Results: There was a predominance of patients with doubtful PSA/normal PSA in a ratio of 13/4 in the age group (˃45 years). There was no relationship between doubtful PSA values and skin color (OR 0.74). Statistically significant relationship was found between a family history of prostate cancer and previous history of prostate conditions with doubtful PSA values (OR 5.57 and 2.04, respectively). The strongest influence was found when correlating behavioral risks and doubtful PSA values. Conclusions: Behavioral risks constitute modifiable factors on which health promotion and education actions can be designed to prevent the progression to high PSA levels and eventually prostate cancer. Active screening when the other associated factors are present is recommended.
Downloads
References
Linares Mesa NA, Rodríguez Garcés MY, Jiménez Ruiz FJ. Cáncer de próstata metastásico hormonosensible. Rev N Punto. 2021; 4(34):73-106. Available from: https://www.npunto.es/revista/34/cancer-de-prostata-metatstasico-hormonosensible#:~:text=El%20c%C3%A1ncer%20de%20pr%C3%B3stata%20metast%C3%A1sico,la%20poblai%C3%B3%20M1%20es%20heterog%C3%A9nea
American Society of Clinical Oncology. Cáncer de próstata: Estadísticas. Cancer.Net. 2021 [access: 05/02/2023];[aprox. 12 p.]. Available from: https://www.cancer.net/es/tipos-de-cancer/c%C3%A1ncer-de-pr%C3%B3stata/estad%C3%ADsticas
Bray F. Cancer in sub-Saharan Africa in 2020: a review of current estimates of the national burden, data gaps, and future needs. Lancet Oncol. 2022; 23(6):719-28. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00270-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00270-4
World Health Organization. Global Health Estimates 2020: Deaths by Cause, Age, Sex, by Country and by Region, 2000-2019. WHO. 2020 [access: 05/02/2023]; [aprox. 15 p.] Available from: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/mortality-and-global-health-estimates/ghe-leading-causes-of-death
Ministerio de Salud Pública. Dirección de Registros Médicos y Estadísticas de Salud. Anuario Estadístico de Salud 2021. La Habana, Cuba. MINSAP. 2022 [access: 05/02/2023];[aprox. 124 p.]. Available from: https://temas.sld.cu/estadisticassalud/
Dueñas Rodríguez Y, Rodríguez Puga, R. Caracterización clínico epidemiológica de pacientes con antígeno prostático específico dudoso. Acta Médica. 2023; 24(1):e362. Disponible en: https://revactamedica.sld.cu/index.php/act/article/view/362
Dellavedova, T. Antígeno prostático específico. Desde sus inicios hasta su reconocimiento como biomarcador de cáncer de próstata. Arch Esp Urol. 2016; 69(1):19-23. Available from: https://www.aeurologia.com/EN/Y2016/V69/I1/19#2
Dueñas Rodríguez Y, Rodríguez Puga R. Efectividad de un complejo homeopático en el tratamiento de pacientes con antígeno prostático dudoso. Panorama. Cuba y Salud. 2024; 18(4):e1621. Available from: https://revpanorama.sld.cu/index.php/panorama/article/view/1621
Vargas Calvo M, Vargas Mena R. Cáncer de próstata y sus nuevos métodos de tamizaje. Rev Méd Sinergia. 2021; 6(9):e715. doi: https://doi.org/10.31434/rms.v6i9.715 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31434/rms.v6i9.715
Peña Rosas GD, Maldonado Lira BM, Suarez P, España Francis NA. Factores de riesgo en la prevención de cáncer de próstata del personal de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador Sede Esmeraldas. Univ Cien Tecn. 2019; 23(93):90-96. Available from: https://uctunexpo.autanabooks.com/index.php/uct/article/view/150
Vertosick EA, Poon BY, Vickers AJ. Relative value of race, family history and prostate specific antigen as indications for early initiation of prostate cancer screening. J Urol. 2020; 192(3):724-8. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.03.032 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.03.032
Vietri MT, D’Elia G, Caliendo G, Resse M, Casamassimi A, Passariello L, et al. Hereditary Prostate Cancer: Genes Related, Target Therapy and Prevention. Int J Mol Sci. 2021; 22(7):e3753. doi: 10.3390/ijms22073753 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073753
Sekhoacha M, Riet K, Motloung P, Gumenku L, Adegoke A, Mashele S. Prostate Cancer Review: Genetics, Diagnosis, Treatment Options, and Alternative Approaches. Rev Molecules. 2022; 27:e5730. doi: 10.3390/molecules27175730 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27175730
Núñez Liza JC, Díaz Vélez C, Velásquez JE. Frecuencia de factores de riesgo para cáncer de próstata en un distrito de alta incidencia. Rev Venezolana Oncol. 2017; 29(4):244-51. Available from: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=375652706005
Rodríguez Rodríguez LL y Pérez Moreno LE. Caracterización de factores de riesgo en pacientes con cáncer de próstata en el municipio Placetas. Rev Cubana Urol. 2018; 7(1):e51. Available from: https://revurologia.sld.cu/index.php/rcu/article/view/446
Fleshner K, Carlsson SV, Roobol MJ. The effect of the USPSTF PSA screening recommendation on prostate cancer incidence patterns in the USA. Nat Rev Urol. 2017; 14(1):26-37. doi: 10.1038/nrurol.2016.251 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrurol.2016.251
Sammon JD, Dalela D, Abdollah F, Choueiri TK, Han PK, Hansen M, et al. Determinants of Prostate Specific Antigen Screening among Black Men in the United States in the Contemporary Era. J Urol. 2016; 195(4):913-8. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.11.023 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.11.023
García Viltres M. Comportamiento del adenocarcinoma de próstata con antígeno prostático específico en rangos normales. Rev Mex Urol. 2020; 60(6):56-9. Available from: https://www.imbiomed.com.mx/articulo.php?id=3203
Sawada N. Risk and preventive factors for prostate cancer in Japan: The Japan Public Health Center-based prospective (JPHC) study. J Epidemiol. 2016; 27(1):2-7. doi: 10.1016%2Fj.je.2016.09.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.je.2016.09.001
Klemann N, Roder MA, Helgstrand JT. Risk of prostate cancer diagnosis and mortality in men with a benign initial transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy set: a population-based study. Rev Lancet Oncol. 2017; 18(1):221-9. doi: 10.1016/s1470-2045(17)30025-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30025-6
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Rolando Rodríguez Puga, Yasnier Dueñas Rodríguez
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
BJM protects Copyright at all times. However, it gives up part of the rights by displaying a Creative Commons License 4.0 (cc-by-nc), which allows the use of the work to share (copy and redistribute the material in any support or format) and adapt (transform and built from the material) as long as exclusive mention of the publication in the journal as the primary source is made. Under no circumstances, the work can be commercialized.
