Characterization of patients with hypertensive disease of pregnancy at the Southern Regional Hospital, Belize, 2022
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61997/bjm.v13i2.428Keywords:
hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, ethnicity, maternal complications, fetal complicationsAbstract
Introduction: Of the 10% of women, who suffer from hypertension during pregnancy worldwide; between 2-8% constitute preeclampsia. The implications for maternal morbidity and mortality, given the high prevalence and incidence of hypertensive disorders in southern Belize, motivated this study. Objective: To characterize patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy at the Southern Regional Hospital, during the year 2022. Methods: A descriptive, retrospective study was carried out. The universe consisted of all pregnant patients admitted to the obstetrics-gynecology service of the aforementioned institution, and a sample of 89 patients who presented hypertensive disorders of pregnancy was taken. Results: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy were more frequent in nulliparous women between 21 and 30 years of age. The Mayan ethnic group was the most affected. The study identified an incidence of 7.5%. Severe preeclampsia from hypertensive disease is shown with 47.1%; it was associated with low weight (24.7%) and prematurity (19.10%), with Intrauterine Growth Restriction being the most frequent fetal complication. The most common maternal complication was liver disorder. The maternal death rate was 171x10,000 live births. Conclusions: Improving preconception and prenatal care is essential to prevent the appearance of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and reduce the high morbidity and mortality associated with this condition.
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